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. 2009 Sep;26(9):1471-7.
doi: 10.1089/neu.2008.0729.

Mortality in late post-traumatic seizures

Jeffrey Englander  1 , Tamara Bushnik, Jerry M Wright, Laura Jamison, Thao T Duong
Affiliations

Mortality in late post-traumatic seizures

Jeffrey Englander et al. J Neurotrauma. 2009 Sep.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the mortality rates in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who were classified as having experienced late post-traumatic seizures (LPTS) in the first 2 years post-TBI compared to those who were seizure-free (non-LPTS). Participants were a pooled sample (n = 508) from two studies which enrolled individuals with TBI who were injured between March 31, 1992 and December 20, 1999. The first sample was made up of individuals enrolled in a study of risk factors for LPTS development; the second sample was composed of individuals enrolled in the TBI National Database from a single rehabilitation center. Seventy-one (14%) participants had LPTS, of which 27% had died at 8-15 years post-injury, as compared to 10% of non-LPTS participants. Individuals with LPTS died at a younger age (54.1 versus 67.7 years; p = 0.01), but there were no statistically significant differences in either time from date of injury to death or highest GCS score in the first 24 h. Causes of death were variable and not specifically related to epilepsy. Of those with LPTS, risk factors for death include advanced age at time of injury and presence of subdural hematoma. The higher mortality rate and death at younger age with variable causes in TBI individuals with LPTS warrant close medical evaluation and monitoring of these individuals, particularly accessibility and compliance with ongoing general medical care, and education of primary care colleagues of the unique needs of this at-risk population.

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Mortality as a function of age at injury and seizure status. The chart indicates the cumulative probability of mortality for the LPTS and no LPTS groups with respect to age at time of injury.
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
Mortality as a function of duration of injury and seizure status. The chart indicates the cumulative probability of mortality for the LPTS and no LPTS groups with respect to duration of injury at either the time of death or of lost to follow-up or end of study.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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