A new risk score system for the assessment of clinical outcomes in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background and objectives: Prediction for long-term clinical outcomes in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome is important as well as early risk stratification. The aim of this study is to develop a simple assessment tool for better early bedside risk stratification for both short- and long-term clinical outcomes.

Subjects and methods: 2148 patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (64.9±12.2 years, 35.0% females) were enrolled in a nationwide prospective Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR). A new risk score was constructed using the variables related to one year mortality: TIMI risk index (17.5-30: 1 point, >30: 2 points), Killip class (II: 1 point, >II: 2 points) and serum creatinine (≥1.5 mg/dL: 1 point), based on the multivariate-adjusted risk relationship. The new risk score system was compared with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) and TIMI risk scores during a 12-month clinical follow-up.

Results: During a one year follow-up, all causes of death occurred in 362 patients (14.3%), and 184 (8.6%) patients died in the hospital. The new risk score showed good predictive value for one year mortality. The accuracy for in-hospital and one year post-discharge mortality rates, the new risk score demonstrated significant differences in predictive accuracy when compared with TIMI and GRACE risk scores.

Conclusion: A new risk score in the present study provides simplicity with accuracy simultaneously for early risk stratification, and also could be a powerful predictive tool for long-term prognosis in NSTEMI.