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Review
. 2009 Sep;15(5):408-12.
doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32832ee371.

Chronic kidney disease and venous thromboembolism: epidemiology and mechanisms

Keattiyoat Wattanakit  1 , Mary Cushman
Affiliations
Review

Chronic kidney disease and venous thromboembolism: epidemiology and mechanisms

Keattiyoat Wattanakit et al. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2009 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose of review: An estimated 13% of Americans have kidney disease. We sought to describe the association of kidney disease with risk of venous thromboembolism and discuss possible mechanisms explaining this association.

Recent findings: All severities of kidney disease appear to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism. In the general population the risk associated with mild to moderate kidney disease is 1.3-2-fold increased, and present even for microalbuminuria, although stage 1 chronic kidney disease itself has not been studied. End-stage renal disease is also associated with a 2.3-fold increased risk, compared to the general population. Although data are limited, risk increases after kidney transplant and with nephrotic syndrome as well.

Summary: Rates of kidney disease are increasing rapidly in the population and kidney disease is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism. An improved understanding of mechanisms linking kidney disease with venous thromboembolism will allow further study of best prevention efforts.

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References

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