[Traumatic extracranial carotico-juguler fistulation]

Abstract

Background: Extracranial caroticovenous fistulae, if left untreated, may cause stroke, cerebral edema, and high output cardiac failure and may present with oculofacial signs. In this study, 5 cases with extracranial arteriovenous fistulae who were diagnosed and surgically treated promptly after trauma are presented.

Methods: Five patients with extracranial traumatic caroti-cojuguler fistulation underwent urgent surgery in our department. Their mean age was 32.4 (range: 27-38). Mean door to operating room time was 2.4 hours. One patient underwent arcus aortography due to a large hematoma in the mediastinum. One patient underwent arterial Doppler ultrasound examination. The remaining three patients were diagnosed via physical examination.

Results: There were three gunshot and two stab wounds. The right common carotid artery was injured in three cases and left common carotid artery in two. There was no early or late mortality. Cross-clamp time was 14.3+/-4.7 minutes. There was no major bleeding. One patient developed ischemic stroke secondary to hypotension due to massive bleeding before surgery and was transferred to the Department of Neurology on the 5th postoperative day.

Conclusion: We suggest that as soon as the diagnosis of traumatic caroti-cojuguler fistula is made, a surgical approach is effective and safe and may prevent possible complications due to delayed diagnosis and treatment.