Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2009 Jul;124(1 Suppl):69e-81e.
doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181aa1015.

Classification of vascular anomalies and the comprehensive treatment of hemangiomas

Affiliations

Classification of vascular anomalies and the comprehensive treatment of hemangiomas

A Jay Burns et al. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Jul.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this article is to review the biological classification system of vascular anomalies and present a comprehensive treatment approach to hemangiomas.

Methods: An extensive literature review was performed for the classification of vascular anomalies. Emphasis was placed on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of hemangiomas, including the authors' preferred algorithm.

Results: The authors' comprehensive management of vascular anomalies as described in this article has resulted in high patient satisfaction and an excellent outcome in a majority of patients.

Conclusions: The authors believe that knowledge of proper classification is not just their personal preference but a functional necessity to aid in the treatment of these complex and large lesions. Proper use of the biological classification is inherent to understanding and treating these common vascular lesions optimally.

PubMed Disclaimer

Comment in

References

    1. Mulliken JB, Young AE. Vascular birthmarks in folklore, history, art, and literature. In: Mulliken JB, Young AE, eds. Vascular Birthmarks: Hemangiomas and Malformations. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1988:3–23.
    1. Kenkel JM. Vascular anomalies and lymphedema. Select Read Plast Surg. 2000;9:1.
    1. Mulliken JB, Glowacki J. Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: A classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982;69:412–420.
    1. Enjolras O, Mulliken JB. Vascular tumors and vascular malformations: New issues. Adv Dermatol. 1998;13:375–423.
    1. Waner M, Suen JY. A classification of congenital vascular lesions. In: Waner M, Suen JY, eds. Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations of the Head and Neck. New York: Wiley-Liss; 1999:1–12.

LinkOut - more resources