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. 2009 Jul 24;325(5939):444-8.
doi: 10.1126/science.1175406. Epub 2009 Jul 2.

Radio imaging of the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission region in the central engine of a radio galaxy

VERITAS Collaboration  1 ; VLBA 43 GHz M87 Monitoring Team; H.E.S.S. Collaboration; MAGIC Collaboration; V A Acciari, E Aliu, T Arlen, M Bautista, M Beilicke, W Benbow, S M Bradbury, J H Buckley, V Bugaev, Y Butt, K Byrum, A Cannon, O Celik, A Cesarini, Y C Chow, L Ciupik, P Cogan, W Cui, R Dickherber, S J Fegan, J P Finley, P Fortin, L Fortson, A Furniss, D Gall, G H Gillanders, J Grube, R Guenette, G Gyuk, D Hanna, J Holder, D Horan, C M Hui, T B Humensky, A Imran, P Kaaret, N Karlsson, D Kieda, J Kildea, A Konopelko, H Krawczynski, F Krennrich, M J Lang, S LeBohec, G Maier, A McCann, M McCutcheon, J Millis, P Moriarty, R A Ong, A N Otte, D Pandel, J S Perkins, D Petry, M Pohl, J Quinn, K Ragan, L C Reyes, P T Reynolds, E Roache, E Roache, H J Rose, M Schroedter, G H Sembroski, A W Smith, S P Swordy, M Theiling, J A Toner, A Varlotta, S Vincent, S P Wakely, J E Ward, T C Weekes, A Weinstein, D A Williams, S Wissel, M Wood, R C Walker, F Davies, P E Hardee, W Junor, C Ly, F Aharonian, A G Akhperjanian, G Anton, U Barres de Almeida, A R Bazer-Bachi, Y Becherini, B Behera, K Bernlöhr, A Bochow, C Boisson, J Bolmont, V Borrel, J Brucker, F Brun, P Brun, R Bühler, T Bulik, I Büsching, T Boutelier, P M Chadwick, A Charbonnier, R C G Chaves, A Cheesebrough, L-M Chounet, A C Clapson, G Coignet, M Dalton, M K Daniel, I D Davids, B Degrange, C Deil, H J Dickinson, A Djannati-Ataï, W Domainko, L O'C Drury, F Dubois, G Dubus, J Dyks, M Dyrda, K Egberts, D Emmanoulopoulos, P Espigat, C Farnier, F Feinstein, A Fiasson, A Förster, G Fontaine, M Füssling, S Gabici, Y A Gallant, L Gérard, D Gerbig, B Giebels, J F Glicenstein, B Glück, P Goret, D Göhring, D Hauser, M Hauser, S Heinz, G Heinzelmann, G Henri, G Hermann, J A Hinton, A Hoffmann, W Hofmann, M Holleran, S Hoppe, D Horns, A Jacholkowska, O C de Jager, C Jahn, I Jung, K Katarzyński, U Katz, S Kaufmann, E Kendziorra, M Kerschhaggl, D Khangulyan, B Khélifi, D Keogh, W Kluźniak, T Kneiske, Nu Komin, K Kosack, G Lamanna, J-P Lenain, T Lohse, V Marandon, J M Martin, O Martineau-Huynh, A Marcowith, D Maurin, T J L McComb, M C Medina, R Moderski, E Moulin, M Naumann-Godo, M de Naurois, D Nedbal, D Nekrassov, B Nicholas, J Niemiec, S J Nolan, S Ohm, J-F Olive, E de Oña Wilhelmi, K J Orford, M Ostrowski, M Panter, M Paz Arribas, G Pedaletti, G Pelletier, P-O Petrucci, S Pita, G Pühlhofer, M Punch, A Quirrenbach, B C Raubenheimer, M Raue, S M Rayner, M Renaud, F Rieger, J Ripken, L Rob, S Rosier-Lees, G Rowell, B Rudak, C B Rulten, J Ruppel, V Sahakian, A Santangelo, R Schlickeiser, F M Schöck, R Schröder, U Schwanke, S Schwarzburg, S Schwemmer, A Shalchi, M Sikora, J L Skilton, H Sol, D Spangler, Ł Stawarz, R Steenkamp, C Stegmann, F Stinzing, G Superina, A Szostek, P H Tam, J-P Tavernet, R Terrier, O Tibolla, M Tluczykont, C van Eldik, G Vasileiadis, C Venter, L Venter, J P Vialle, P Vincent, M Vivier, H J Völk, F Volpe, S J Wagner, M Ward, A A Zdziarski, A Zech, H Anderhub, L A Antonelli, P Antoranz, M Backes, C Baixeras, S Balestra, J A Barrio, D Bastieri, J Becerra González, J K Becker, W Bednarek, K Berger, E Bernardini, A Biland, R K Bock, G Bonnoli, P Bordas, D Borla Tridon, V Bosch-Ramon, D Bose, I Braun, T Bretz, I Britvitch, M Camara, E Carmona, S Commichau, J L Contreras, J Cortina, M T Costado, S Covino, V Curtef, F Dazzi, A De Angelis, E De Cea del Pozo, C Delgado Mendez, R De los Reyes, B De Lotto, M De Maria, F De Sabata, A Dominguez, D Dorner, M Doro, D Elsaesser, M Errando, D Ferenc, E Fernández, R Firpo, M V Fonseca, L Font, N Galante, R J García López, M Garczarczyk, M Gaug, F Goebel, D Hadasch, M Hayashida, A Herrero, D Hildebrand, D Höhne-Mönch, J Hose, C C Hsu, T Jogler, D Kranich, A La Barbera, A Laille, E Leonardo, E Lindfors, S Lombardi, F Longo, M López, E Lorenz, P Majumdar, G Maneva, N Mankuzhiyil, K Mannheim, L Maraschi, M Mariotti, M Martínez, D Mazin, M Meucci, J M Miranda, R Mirzoyan, H Miyamoto, J Moldón, M Moles, A Moralejo, D Nieto, K Nilsson, J Ninkovic, I Oya, R Paoletti, J M Paredes, M Pasanen, D Pascoli, F Pauss, R G Pegna, M A Perez-Torres, M Persic, L Peruzzo, F Prada, E Prandini, N Puchades, I Reichardt, W Rhode, M Ribó, J Rico, M Rissi, A Robert, S Rügamer, A Saggion, T Y Saito, M Salvati, M Sanchez-Conde, K Satalecka, V Scalzotto, V Scapin, T Schweizer, M Shayduk, S N Shore, N Sidro, A Sierpowska-Bartosik, A Sillanpää, J Sitarek, D Sobczynska, F Spanier, A Stamerra, L S Stark, L Takalo, F Tavecchio, P Temnikov, D Tescaro, M Teshima, D F Torres, N Turini, H Vankov, R M Wagner, V Zabalza, F Zandanel, R Zanin, J Zapatero
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Free article

Radio imaging of the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission region in the central engine of a radio galaxy

VERITAS Collaboration et al. Science. .
Free article

Abstract

The accretion of matter onto a massive black hole is believed to feed the relativistic plasma jets found in many active galactic nuclei (AGN). Although some AGN accelerate particles to energies exceeding 10(12) electron volts and are bright sources of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission, it is not yet known where the VHE emission originates. Here we report on radio and VHE observations of the radio galaxy Messier 87, revealing a period of extremely strong VHE gamma-ray flares accompanied by a strong increase of the radio flux from its nucleus. These results imply that charged particles are accelerated to very high energies in the immediate vicinity of the black hole.

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