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. 2009 Jul 12;10(1):65.
doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-65.

Inflammatory parameters predict etiologic patterns but do not allow for individual prediction of etiology in patients with CAP: results from the German competence network CAPNETZ

Stefan Krüger  1 , Santiago Ewig, Jana Papassotiriou, Jan Kunde, Reinhard Marre, Heike von Baum, Norbert Suttor, Tobias Welte; CAPNETZ Study Group
Collaborators, Affiliations

Inflammatory parameters predict etiologic patterns but do not allow for individual prediction of etiology in patients with CAP: results from the German competence network CAPNETZ

Stefan Krüger et al. Respir Res. .

Abstract

Background: Aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of inflammatory markers procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocyte count (WBC) with microbiological etiology of CAP.

Methods: We enrolled 1337 patients (62 +/- 18 y, 45% f) with proven CAP. Extensive microbiological workup was performed. In all patients PCT, CRP, WBC and CRB-65 score were determined. Patients were classified according to microbial diagnosis and CRB-65 score.

Results: In patients with typical bacterial CAP, levels of PCT, CRP and WBC were significantly higher compared to CAP of atypical or viral etiology. There were no significant differences in PCT, CRP and WBC in patients with atypical or viral etiology of CAP. In contrast to CRP and WBC, PCT markedly increased with severity of CAP as measured by CRB-65 score (p < 0.0001). In ROC analysis for discrimination of patients with CRB-65 scores > 1, AUC for PCT was 0.69 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.71), which was higher compared to CRP and WBC (p < 0.0001). CRB-65, PCT, CRP and WBC were higher (p < 0.0001) in hospitalised patients in comparison to outpatients.

Conclusion: PCT, CRP and WBC are highest in typical bacterial etiology in CAP but do not allow individual prediction of etiology. In contrast to CRP and WBC, PCT is useful in severity assessment of CAP.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Admission levels of PCT (a), CRP (b) and WBC (c) in CAP patients with classical bacterial, atypical, viral, "mixed" or unknown etiology. The scatterplots represent all data. Median values with interquartile ranges are shown. ns = no significant difference; n.d. = unknown
Figure 2
Figure 2
Admission levels of PCT (a), CRP (b) and WBC (c) in CAP patients classified into CRB-65 classes 0–4. The scatterplots represent all data. Median values with interquartile ranges are shown. Results of Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance are shown. ns = no significant difference.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Admission levels of PCT (a), CRP (b) and WBC (c) in CAP patients with pneumococcal and atypical etiology of CAP. The scatterplots represent all data. Median values with interquartile ranges are shown. ns = no significant difference.
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