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. 2009 Jul 14;16(1):65.
doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-65.

Preparation and biological properties of a novel composite scaffold of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering

Jiang Liuyun  1 , Li Yubao, Xiong Chengdong
Affiliations

Preparation and biological properties of a novel composite scaffold of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering

Jiang Liuyun et al. J Biomed Sci. .

Abstract

In this study, we report the physico-chemical and biological properties of a novel biodegradable composite scaffold made of nano-hydroxyapatite and natural derived polymers of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose, namely, n-HA/CS/CMC, which was prepared by freeze-drying method. The physico-chemical properties of n-HA/CS/CMC scaffold were tested by infrared absorption spectra (IR), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), universal material testing machine and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) soaking experiment. Besides, the biological properties were evaluated by MG63 cells and Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) culture experiment in vitro and a short period implantation study in vivo. The results show that the composite scaffold is mainly formed through the ionic crossing-linking of the two polyions between CS and CMC, and n-HA is incorporated into the polyelectrolyte matrix of CS-CMC without agglomeration, which endows the scaffold with good physico-chemical properties such as highly interconnected porous structure, high compressive strength and good structural stability and degradation. More important, the results of cells attached, proliferated on the scaffold indicate that the scaffold is non-toxic and has good cell biocompatibility, and the results of implantation experiment in vivo further confirm that the scaffold has good tissue biocompatibility. All the above results suggest that the novel degradable n-HA/CS/CMC composite scaffold has a great potential to be used as bone tissue engineering material.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
IR spectra of a)pure n-HA, b) n-HA/CS/CMC, c) pure CMC and d) pure CS.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The TEM photograph of n-HA/CS/CMC composite.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The SEM microstructure of n-HA/CS/CMC composite scaffold.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The weight loss of n-HA/CS/CMC composite scaffold as the function of time in PBS.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Phase-contrast microscopy photographs of MG63 and MSCs on the n-HA/CS/CMC composite scaffold after in vitro culture for different days (a) 4 day for MG63, (b) 7 days for MG63, (c) 4 days for MSCs, (d) 7 days for MSCs. (S, scaffold; C, cells).
Figure 6
Figure 6
MTT assay for proliferation of MG63 and MSCs on the n-HA/CS/CMC composite scaffold after in vitro culture for different days(a) MG63, (b) MSCs.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Histological sections optical micrographs of n-HA/CS/CMC composite scaffolds harvested at different times after implantation. Scaffolds stained with H&E at (a) 2 weeks, (b) and (c) 4 weeks. Scaffolds stained with Masson's trichrome at (d) 2 weeks, (e) and (f) 4 weeks. (S, scaffold; M, muscle; C, collagen; BV, blood vessels.)
Figure 8
Figure 8
The SEM microstructure of n-HA/CS/CMC composite scaffold harvested at different times after implantation in muscle (a) 2 weeks, (b) 4 weeks.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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