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Review
. 2009 Oct;86(4):779-93.
doi: 10.1189/jlb.0209094. Epub 2009 Jul 13.

Obstacles to the successful development of an efficacious T cell-inducing HIV-1 vaccine

Larissa Herkenhoff Haut  1 , Hildegund C J Ertl
Affiliations
Review

Obstacles to the successful development of an efficacious T cell-inducing HIV-1 vaccine

Larissa Herkenhoff Haut et al. J Leukoc Biol. 2009 Oct.

Abstract

An efficacious vaccine to HIV-1 is direly needed to stem the global pandemic. Immunogens that elicit broadly cross-neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 remain elusive, and thus, most HIV-1 vaccine efforts are focusing on induction of T cells. The notion that T cells can mediate protection against HIV-1 has been called into question by the failure of the STEP trial, which was designed to test this concept by the use of an E1-deleted Ad vaccine carrier. Lack of efficacy of the STEP trial vaccine underscores our limited knowledge about correlates of immune protection against HIV-1 and stresses the need for an enhanced commitment to basic research, including preclinical and clinical vaccine studies. In this review, we discuss known correlates of protection against HIV-1 and different vaccine strategies that have been or are being explored to induce such correlates, focusing on T cell-inducing vaccines and particularly on Ad vectors.

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