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Review
. 2009 Oct;23(10):1557-61.
doi: 10.1089/end.2009.1518.

Preoperative indications for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in 2009

Carlos E Méndez Probst  1 , John D Denstedt, Hassan Razvi
Affiliations
Review

Preoperative indications for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in 2009

Carlos E Méndez Probst et al. J Endourol. 2009 Oct.

Abstract

Abstract Since the first description of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNL) over 30 years ago, the indications for this procedure in the management of upper tract urinary stones has greatly expanded. Despite recent advances in shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopic technologies, PNL maintains a dominant role in the management of complex and large volume upper tract stones. The contemporary indications for PNL are reviewed herein.

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