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Case Reports
. 2010 May-Jun;44(5):381-3.
doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181aae51b.

Portosystemic encephalopathy due to mesoiliac shunt in a patient without cirrhosis

Sobia Ali  1 , Alan H Stolpen, Warren N Schmidt
Affiliations
Case Reports

Portosystemic encephalopathy due to mesoiliac shunt in a patient without cirrhosis

Sobia Ali et al. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2010 May-Jun.

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy most commonly occurs in patients with cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, however, the disorder can also occur in the presence of intrahepatic or extrahepatic shunts when the intrahepatic circulation is effectively bypassed. The majority of extrahepatic shunts described to date develop between a mesenteric vein and inferior vena cava. Herein we report a novel case of a superior mesenteric vein to left internal iliac vein shunt that led to hepatic encephalopathy in a 57-year-old woman with no apparent underlying liver disorder. The patient presented with confusion, disorientation, and hyperammonemia. Workup for parenchymal liver disease was negative and liver biopsy findings did not show significant liver disease. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a serpiginous 1-cm-wide shunt that diverted superior mesenteric vein blood from the portal confluence to the left internal iliac vein. Surgical closure of the shunt led to marked improvement of the patient with the resolution of hepatic encephalopathy. This report is the first description of a portosystemic shunt, likely congenital, linking these 2 vessels resulting in clinically significant hepatic encephalopathy. The findings emphasize that abdominal and pelvic imaging should be considered in patients with signs of hepatic encephalopathy that have none to minimal hepatic disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest.

None of the authors who participated in this study have commercial or other associations that might pose a conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Identification of 1–2 cm shunt between SMV and left internal iliac vein in 57 year old female
Volume rendered (A) and maximum intensity projection (B, C) reconstructed images from venous phase of contrast-enhanced 3D MRA demonstrate a long serpiginous shunt (arrows in A, B and C) which arises from the SMV near the portal confluence, descends into the pelvis, and empties into the left internal iliac vein.
Figure 1
Figure 1. Identification of 1–2 cm shunt between SMV and left internal iliac vein in 57 year old female
Volume rendered (A) and maximum intensity projection (B, C) reconstructed images from venous phase of contrast-enhanced 3D MRA demonstrate a long serpiginous shunt (arrows in A, B and C) which arises from the SMV near the portal confluence, descends into the pelvis, and empties into the left internal iliac vein.
Figure 1
Figure 1. Identification of 1–2 cm shunt between SMV and left internal iliac vein in 57 year old female
Volume rendered (A) and maximum intensity projection (B, C) reconstructed images from venous phase of contrast-enhanced 3D MRA demonstrate a long serpiginous shunt (arrows in A, B and C) which arises from the SMV near the portal confluence, descends into the pelvis, and empties into the left internal iliac vein.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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