Percutaneous mitral repair with the MitraClip system: safety and midterm durability in the initial EVEREST (Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge REpair Study) cohort

Abstract

Objectives: We undertook a prospective multicenter single-arm study to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the MitraClip system (Evalve Inc., Menlo Park, California).

Background: Mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation (MR) has been performed by the use of a surgically created double orifice. Percutaneous repair based on this surgical approach has been developed by use of the Evalve MitraClip device to secure the mitral leaflets.

Methods: Patients with 3 to 4+ MR were selected in accordance with the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines for intervention and a core echocardiographic laboratory.

Results: A total of 107 patients were treated. Ten (9%) had a major adverse event, including 1 nonprocedural death. Freedom from clip embolization was 100%. Partial clip detachment occurred in 10 (9%) patients. Overall, 79 of 107 (74%) patients achieved acute procedural success, and 51 (64%) were discharged with MR of < or =1+. Thirty-two patients (30%) had mitral valve surgery during the 3.2 years after clip procedures. When repair was planned, 84% (21 of 25) were successful. Thus, surgical options were preserved. A total of 50 of 76 (66%) successfully treated patients were free from death, mitral valve surgery, or MR >2+ at 12 months (primary efficacy end point). Kaplan-Meier freedom from death was 95.9%, 94.0%, and 90.1%, and Kaplan-Meier freedom from surgery was 88.5%, 83.2%, and 76.3% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The 23 patients with functional MR had similar acute results and durability.

Conclusions: Percutaneous repair with the MitraClip system can be accomplished with low rates of morbidity and mortality and with acute MR reduction to < 2+ in the majority of patients, and with sustained freedom from death, surgery, or recurrent MR in a substantial proportion (EVEREST I; NCT00209339. EVEREST II; NCT00209274).