Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2009:336:137-53.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-00549-7_8.

Toll-like receptors in Alzheimer's disease

Gary E Landreth  1 , Erin G Reed-Geaghan
Affiliations
Review

Toll-like receptors in Alzheimer's disease

Gary E Landreth et al. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2009.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the formation of insoluble deposits of beta-amyloid (Abeta) within the parenchyma of the brain. These deposits are associated with a robust microglia-mediated inflammatory response. Recent work has demonstrated that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) participate in this inflammatory response. This chapter reviews the mechanisms whereby TLRs contribute to the induction of a microglial inflammatory response to promote AD pathogenesis. Specifically, the involvement of CD14 and the TLRs in microglial activation is delineated. The TLR-mediated microglial response has beneficial roles in stimulating phagocytosis as well as detrimental roles in the Abeta-stimulated release of neurotoxic products.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Adhikari A, Xu M, Chen Z. Ubiquitin-mediated activation of TAK1 and IKK. Oncogene. 2007;26:3214–3226. - PubMed
    1. Akiyama H, Barger S, Barnum S, Bradt B, Bauer J, Cole G, Cooper N, Eikelenboom P, Emmerling M, Fiebich B, Finch C, Frautschy S, Griffin W, Hampel H, Hull M, Landreth G, Lue L, Mrak R, Mackenzie I, McGeer P, O'Banion K, Pachter J, Pasinetti G, Plata-Salaman C, Rogers J, Rydel R, Shen Y, Streit W, Strohmeyer R, Tooyoma I, Van Muiswinkel F, Veerhuis R, Walker D, Webster S, Wegrzyniak B, Wenk G, Wyss-Coray T. Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Aging. 2000;21:383–421. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Arbour N, Lorenz E, Schutte B, Zabner J, Kline J, Jones M, Frees K, Watt J, Schwartz D. TLR4 mutations are associated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans. Nature Genetics. 2000;25:187–191. - PubMed
    1. Bamberger ME, Harris ME, McDonald DR, Husemann J, Landreth GE. A cell surface receptor complex for fibrillar beta-amyloid mediates microglial activation. J Neurosci. 2003;23:2665–2674. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bate C, Kempster S, Williams A. Prostaglandin D2 mediates neuronal damage by amyloid-beta or prions which activate microglial cells. Neuropharmacology. 2006;50:229–237. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms