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. 2009 Nov;83(21):10975-80.
doi: 10.1128/JVI.00273-09. Epub 2009 Aug 26.

Analysis of nucleotide sequences of human parvovirus B19 genome reveals two different modes of evolution, a gradual alteration and a sudden replacement: a retrospective study in Sapporo, Japan, from 1980 to 2008

Masashi Suzuki  1 , Yuko Yoto, Aki Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Tsutsumi
Affiliations

Analysis of nucleotide sequences of human parvovirus B19 genome reveals two different modes of evolution, a gradual alteration and a sudden replacement: a retrospective study in Sapporo, Japan, from 1980 to 2008

Masashi Suzuki et al. J Virol. 2009 Nov.

Abstract

There have been no long-term systematic analyses of the molecular epidemiology of human parvovirus B19 (B19V). We investigated the variations of nucleotide sequences of B19V strains collected in Sapporo, Japan, from 1980 to 2008. In that period, six outbreaks of erythema infectiosum occurred regularly at 5-year intervals. The B19V strains collected successively, regardless of the outbreak, were analyzed for nucleotide variation in the subgenomic NS1-VP1u junction. The isolated strains can be classified into 10 subgroups. Two patterns of change of endemic strains were observed. One was a dynamic replacement of strains that occurred almost every 10 years, and the other was a gradual change consisting of an accumulation of point mutations.

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Nucleotide diversity in the NS1-VP1u region in nt 1738 to 2764. The 104 strains could be divided into 10 subtypes according to the 36 common nucleotide mutation sites.
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
Distribution of each subtype isolated in Sapporo, Japan, during six outbreak seasons from 1980 to 2008. The 104 isolates were divided into 10 subtypes (panel A) and five subtypes (panel B). In panel B, subtype A includes A1 and A2, subtype B includes AB, subtype BC includes BC1 and BC2, subtype C includes C1 and C2, and subtype D includes D1 and D2.
FIG. 3.
FIG. 3.
Phylogenetic relationships among 10 subtypes and two reference strains based on the analysis of the 1,027-nt sequences in the NS1-VP1u region. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by using the neighbor-joining method with the Kimura two-parameter distance estimation method. Bootstrap values above 75% are shown (1,000 replicates).
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