Bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone and subsequent thalidomide for newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma: a Chinese experience

Abstract

Objective: Bortezomib-dexamethasone-thalidomide has been reported to be effective in newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) with an overall response rate of 92% and a CR rate of 18% (Alexanian et al, Hematology 2007;12(3):235-9), but this regimen has not been tested in the Chinese patients. We report here our results testing with this combination in the Chinese population and to investigate the efficacy and safety of bortezomib in combination of dexamethasone plus subsequent thalidomide as primary treatment for MM.

Methods: Between June 2006 and March 2008, 20 consecutive newly-diagnosed patients with symptomatic MM were treated with bortezomib at 1.3mg/m(2) IV on days 1, 4, 8 and 11 and dexamethasone at 20mg/m(2) IV daily on the day of bortezomib and the day after. All patients received daily oral thalidomide that was escalated from 100mg to 200mg. Fourteen patients were male and 6 were female. Median age was 59 years (range 43-86 years). 11 patients were stage 2 according to the International Staging System, 8 were stage 3, only 1 patient was stage 1. All patients received a median of two cycles of therapy (range 1-6). The EBMT criteria were used for response evaluation. Toxicities were evaluated according to the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria version 3.

Results: 16 out of 20 patients (80%) achieved PR and 3 (15%) achieved CR; therefore the overall response rate was 95%. With a median follow-up duration of 7.8 months (4-22 months), no patients died. Grade 3-4 toxicities included fatigue (3/20), thrombocytopenia (10/20) diarrhea (5/20) and orthostatic hypotension (3/20) Grade 2 neuropathy occurred in four out of 20 patients and herpes zoster occurred in four out of 20 patients. Routine anticoagulation or anti-thrombosis was not used. Only 1 patient suffered from DVT/PE.

Conclusions: Our preliminary experience in Chinese patients indicated that bortezomib-dexamethasone-thalidomide is highly effective in newly-diagnosed MM. Grade three and 4 toxicities are rare after median 2 cycles of therapy. The relative lower rates of neuropathy and DVT/PE in the Chinese patients with MM are being cautiously observed.