Progress toward measles control - African region, 2001-2008

Abstract

In 2001, the countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region (AFR) became part of a global initiative with a goal of reducing the number of measles deaths by 50% by 2005, compared with 1999. Recommended strategies for measles mortality reduction included 1) increasing routine coverage for the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) for all children, 2) providing a second opportunity for measles vaccination through supplemental immunization activities (SIAs), 3) improving measles case management, and 4) establishing case-based surveillance with laboratory confirmation of all suspected measles cases. Before introduction of MCV throughout AFR, approximately 1 million measles cases had been reported each year in the early 1980s. After strengthening measles-control activities, annual reported cases declined to an estimated 300,000- -580,000 during the 1990s. This report summarizes the progress made during 2001- -2008 toward improving measles control in AFR. During 2001- -2008 estimated MCV1 coverage increased from 57% to 73%, SIAs vaccinated approximately 398 million children, and reported measles cases decreased by 93%, from 492,116 in 2001 to 32,278 in 2008. By 2005, global measles deaths had decreased by 60%, and the AFR goal had been achieved; AFR adopted a new goal to reduce deaths by 90%, compared with 2000, and that goal was achieved in 2006. However, inaccuracies in reported vaccination coverage exist, surveillance is suboptimal, and measles outbreaks continue to occur in AFR countries. Further progress in measles control will require full implementation of recommended strategies, including validation of vaccination coverage.