Nanostructured conducting polymer based reagentless capacitive immunosensor

Abstract

Nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) film electrophoretically fabricated onto indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass plate has been utilized for development of an immunosensor based on capacitance change of a parallel plate capacitor (PPC) by covalently immobilizing anti-human IgG (Anti-HIgG) using N-ethyl-N'-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide chemistry. These fabricated PANI/ITO and Anti-HIgG/PANI/ITO plates have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and Fourier transform infra-red studies. The capacitance measurements indicate that dielectric medium of this biologically modified PPC (Anti-HIgG/PANI/ITO) is sensitive to HIgG in 5 - 5 x 10(5) ng mL(-1) range and has lower detection limit of 1.87 ng mL(-1). The observed results reveal that this Anti-HIgG modified PPC can be used as a robust, easy-to-use, reagentless, sensitive and selective immunosensor for estimation of human IgG.