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. 2010 Jan;33(1):38-40.
doi: 10.2337/dc09-0768. Epub 2009 Oct 6.

Validation of the Chinese version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID-C) scale

Min-Feng Huang  1 , Mary Courtney, Helen Edwards, Jan McDowell
Affiliations

Validation of the Chinese version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID-C) scale

Min-Feng Huang et al. Diabetes Care. 2010 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID-C) scale.

Research design and methods: The reliability and validity of the PAID-C were evaluated in a convenience sample of 205 outpatients with type 2 diabetes. Confirmatory factor analysis, Bland-Altman analysis, and Spearman's correlations facilitated the psychometric evaluation.

Results: Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a one-factor structure of the PAID-C (chi(2)/df ratio = 1.894, goodness-of-fit index = 0.901, comparative fit index = 0.905, root mean square error of approximation = 0.066). The PAID-C was associated with A1C (r(s) = 0.15; P < 0.05) and diabetes self-care behaviors in general diet (r(s) = -0.17; P < 0.05) and exercise (r(s) = -0.17; P < 0.05). The 4-week test-retest reliability demonstrated satisfactory stability (r(s) = 0.83; P < 0.01).

Conclusions: The PAID-C is a reliable and valid measure to determine diabetes-related emotional distress in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bland-Altman plots for test-retest reliability of the PAID-C. The y-axis represents the difference between the first-week total score and the fourth-week total score. The x-axis represents the average of the first-week total score and the fourth-week total score.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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