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. 2009 Sep 7:3:191-6.
doi: 10.2174/1874210600903010191.

Effects of clenbuterol, a β₂-adrenergic agonist, on sizes of masseter, temporalis, digastric, and tongue muscles

Chieko Ishikawa  1 , Takumi Ogawa, Tomoko Ikawa, Akira Yamane
Affiliations

Effects of clenbuterol, a β₂-adrenergic agonist, on sizes of masseter, temporalis, digastric, and tongue muscles

Chieko Ishikawa et al. Open Dent J. .

Abstract

We compared the hypertrophic effects of clenbuterol, a β₂-adrenergic agonist, on the masseter, digastric, and temporalis with those on the tongue, tibialis anterior, soleus, diaphragm, and heart. The weights of masseter, digastric and temporalis in the clenbuterol group were 36 ~ 56% greater than those in the control group, whereas those of the tibialis anterior, diaphragm, and heart weights in the clenbuterol group were 9 ~ 33% greater than those in the control group. No significant difference in the weights of the soleus and tongue was found between the control and clenbuterol groups. Taken together with our present and previously reported results, it is suggested that the hypertrophic effects of clenbuterol on the masseter, digastric, and temporalis are greater than those on the limb, trunk, and heart.

Keywords: Clenbuterol; hypertrophic effects; rat.; striated muscles.

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Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
Three-dimensionally reconstructed images of mandible and maxilla by μCT showing the measured points for the origins and insertions of masseter (1, 2), temporalis (3, 4, 5), and digastric (6, 7) muscles.
Fig. (2)
Fig. (2)
Box and whisker plot of body weights in the control and clenbuterol groups after oral administration of clenbuterol for 3 weeks. There were five rats in each group. No significant difference in the body weight was found between the control and clenbuterol groups.
Fig. (3)
Fig. (3)
Box and whisker plots of weights of masseter (A), digastric (B), temporalis (C), and tongue (D) in the control and clenbuterol groups after oral administration of clenbuterol for 3 weeks. There were five rats in each group. Significant difference between the control and clenbuterol groups, **p<0.01. The median values of the masseter, digastric, and temporalis weights in the clenbuterol group were 46, 36, and 56% greater than those in the control group, respectively, but no significant difference in the tongue weight was found between the control and clenbuterol groups.
Fig. (4)
Fig. (4)
Box and whisker plots of weights of tibialis anterior (A), soleus (B), diaphragm (C), and heart (D) in the control and clenbuterol groups after oral administration of clenbuterol for 3 weeks. There were five rats in each group. Significant differences between the control and clenbuterol groups: *p<0.05, **p<0.01. The median values of the tibialis anterior, diaphragm, and heart weights in the clenbuterol group were 33, 17, and 9% greater than those in the control group, respectively, but no significant difference in the soleus weight was found between the control and clenbuterol groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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