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. 2009 Dec;3(6):441-9.
doi: 10.1007/s11832-009-0214-5. Epub 2009 Oct 25.

Orthopedic management of spina bifida. Part I: hip, knee, and rotational deformities

Vineeta T Swaroop, Luciano Dias

Orthopedic management of spina bifida. Part I: hip, knee, and rotational deformities

Vineeta T Swaroop et al. J Child Orthop. 2009 Dec.

Abstract

Children with spina bifida develop a wide variety of congenital and acquired orthopedic deformities. Among these are hip deformities such as contracture, subluxation, or dislocation. Patients may also have problems with the knee joint, such as knee flexion or extension contracture, knee valgus deformity, or late knee instability and pain. In addition, rotational deformities of the lower extremities, either internal or external torsion, are common as well. This paper will review both the overall orthopedic care of a patient with spina bifida and provide a focused review of the diagnosis and management of the above deformities. In addition, this paper will review the incidence, etiology, classification, and prognosis of spina bifida. The use of gait analysis and orthoses will be covered as well. The forthcoming Part II will cover foot and ankle deformities in spina bifida.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
a Reciprocating gait orthosis (RGO), frontal view. b RGO, side view
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
a Ankle–foot orthosis (AFOs) with twister cables, frontal view. b AFO with twister cables, side view
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Custom-molded total body splint
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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