Repair of furcal perforation using a new endodontic cement

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the histologic response elicited by repairing furcal perforations with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and a new endodontic material in the name of "calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement" in dogs' teeth. Thirty-four premolars were randomly divided into four groups: MTA (n = 15), CEM (n = 15), positive, and negative controls (n = 4). Root canal therapy were carried out; perforations were made, and the furcation areas were then repaired with MTA or CEM cement. The animals were sacrificed after 3 months. The teeth and their adjacent structures were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain for histological evaluation. Chi-square test was used to evaluate hard tissue formation, and Mann-Whitney U test was used for the histological evaluation of inflammation. Specimens in positive controls showed severe inflammatory infiltration, prominent granulation tissue, and epithelial proliferation; negative controls demonstrated normal periodontal ligament without inflammatory reactions. Hard tissue formation was observed in all the specimens of the two experimental groups. In inflammatory evaluation, mild inflammation was detected in the experimental groups, and no statistically significant differences were observed between them. MTA and CEM cement showed similar favorable biological response in furcation perforation repair, especially in inducing the formation of cementum-like hard tissue.