Surgical management of placenta accreta: a cohort series and suggested approach

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the use of a staged procedure that involved femoral artery catheterization, classic cesarean section delivery, and uterine and placental embolization before hysterectomy for placenta accreta.

Study design: We conducted a cohort study of retrospective and prospective data from cases of histologically identified placenta accreta at a tertiary teaching hospital with access to interventional radiology.

Results: Twenty-six cases of placenta accreta were identified histologically (7 accretas, 5 incretas, and 14 percretas); 8 cases were successful staged embolization procedures. These cases had significant reductions in blood loss (553 vs 4517 mL; P = .0001), need for transfusion (2 vs 16; P = .001), and units of blood transfused (0.5 vs 7.9; P = .0013). The total operation time was no different between the 2 groups, but there was a longer length of anesthesia (2.7 vs 6.6 hours; P = .0001). There were nonsignificant reductions in admission to the intensive care unit and length of hospital stay.

Conclusion: We found that the successful use of a staged embolization hysterectomy procedure for placenta accreta is associated with decreased maternal morbidity.