[Can we prevent falls in the elderly from primary care?]
- PMID: 19944493
- PMCID: PMC7024490
- DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2009.08.003
[Can we prevent falls in the elderly from primary care?]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of multifactorial intervention by Primary Care in the prevention of falls in the elderly who had fallen the year before.
Design: Intervention study with a control group.
Setting: Three clinics in a rural area.
Subjects: 224 patients > or = 65 years, independent for mobility (113 in the intervention (IG) and 111 in the control (GC) group.
Interventions: Intervention Group.
Initial assessment: 1) Demographic data questionnaire, number, circumstances and consequences of falls, comorbidity and drugs. 2) Oriented examination. 3) Home risks assessment.
Interventions: referred to cardiology if arrhythmia or bradycardia, referred for eye examination if changes in acute vision, recommendation for systems support if gait or balance problems, postural measures if orthostatic hypotension, behavioural measures in urinary incontinence and recommendations to modify home risks.
Control group: Questionnaire on: demographic data, number, circumstances and consequences of falls and medication use. They received normal medical care.
Results: At one year 44% of the IG and 33% in the CG fell again (P=0.123). In the sub-group with more than one fall at the beginning of the study, 63% in the IG, and 56% in CG fell again (P=0.599). There were serious consequences in 6% of the IG compared to 14% in the CG (P=0.277).
Conclusions: Multifactorial intervention from primary care is not effective in reducing falls or for reducing the severity of their consequences.
Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de una intervención multifactorial en atención primaria para prevenir caídas en personas mayores que se habían caído el año anterior.
Diseño: Estudio de intervención con grupo control.
Emplazamiento: Tres consultorios de área rural.
Sujetos: Doscientos veinticuatro pacientes de 65 años o mayores, independientes para la movilidad (113 en el grupo de intervención [GI] y 111 en el de control [GC]).
Intervenciones: Se intervino a los pacientes del GI.
Valoración inicial: 1) Cuestionario de datos demográficos, número, circunstancias y consecuencias de las caídas, comorbilidad y fármacos; 2) exploración orientada, y 3) valoración domiciliaria de riesgos.
Intervención: Remisión a cardiología si presentaba arritmia o bradicardia, remisión a valoración ocular si presentaba alteración de agudeza visual, modificación en fármacos de riesgo, recomendación de sistemas de apoyo si presentaba trastornos de marcha o equilibrio, medidas posturales si presentaba hipotensión ortostática, medidas conductuales en incontinencia urinaria y recomendación de modificación de riesgos en domicilios
Grupo control: Cuestionario de datos demográficos, número y consecuencias de las caídas, comorbilidad y uso de fármacos. Reciben la atención médica habitual.
Resultados: Al año se había vuelto a caer el 44% del GI y el 33% del GC (p=0,123). En el subgrupo con más de una caída al inicio, en el GI se volvió a caer el 63% y en el GC el 56% (p=0,599). El GI presentó un 6% de consecuencias graves frente al 14% en el GC (p=0,277).
Conclusiones: La intervención multifactorial en atención primaria no es efectiva para disminuir las caídas ni para reducir la gravedad de sus consecuencias.
Copyright 2009 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.
Figures
Comment in
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[Can we prevent falls in the elderly from primary care?].Enferm Clin. 2011 Mar-Apr;21(2):115-6. doi: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2011.02.002. Enferm Clin. 2011. PMID: 21440477 Spanish. No abstract available.
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