IgE antibody production in rats against multiple components of excretory-secretory products of the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis

Abstract

Infection with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (NB) induces the intense production of specific and non-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in rats. In the present study, we analysed NB-derived allergenic substances and the variability of IgE antibody production in response to these allergens in outbred Sprague-Dawley rats. Two kinds of crude allergens were used: the excretory-secretory products (ES) of adult NB, and an extract of homogenized adult worms (AW). ELISA showed that IgE antibody titres to ES were more than five times higher than the titres to AW. In the homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction using serum from infected rats, as little as 50 micrograms of ES had a maximal PCA activity, while even 1 mg of AW still gave a slightly lower PCA titre. Thus, it appeared that ES contained more allergen than AW at the same amount of total proteins. By immunoblot analysis, at least six components were recognized by IgE antibodies from infected animals, and these components were exactly the same in both ES and AW. The results indicated that the allergenic components in ES and AW were the same molecules, and that only those molecules which could be excreted or secreted from living worms were allergenic. Among the array of allergens, 130,000 and 70,000 molecular weight (mw) molecules were commonly recognized by IgE from all serum samples examined, while other components of the allergens were recognized variably by IgE antibodies from individual animals. These findings suggested that individual animals varied considerably in their IgE antibody production to the different constituents of the nematode allergens.