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Editorial
. 2009 Dec;94(12):1634-8.
doi: 10.3324/haematol.2009.014001.

Molecular basis of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms

Andreas Reiter, Rosangela Invernizzi, Nicholas C P Cross, Mario Cazzola
Editorial

Molecular basis of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms

Andreas Reiter et al. Haematologica. 2009 Dec.

Abstract

The World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues includes within myeloid neoplasms the category myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms. In this perspective article Drs. Reiter, Invernizzi, Cross and Cazzola discuss our present knowledge of the molecular basis of these disorders. See related paper on page 1676.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. (a) Peripheral blood smear showing two morphologically normal monocytes and a dysplastic granulocyte. May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG), x1250. (b) Peripheral blood smear showing abnormal monocytes. MGG, x1250. (c) Bone marrow smear showing hyperplasia of granulocytic precursors with predominance of the intermediate forms; top right, a dysplastic neutrophil. Monocytic cells are difficult to identify. MGG, x1250. (d) Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Bone marrow smear. Alpha-naphtyl acetate esterase reaction is useful for identifying atypical monocytic cells. x1250.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia. (a) Peripheral blood smear showing a tetraploid macropolycyte with two twin nuclei; top right, a monocyte; bottom right, a late erythroblast with defective hemoglobinization; top left, a polychromatic macrocyte. MGG, x1250. (b) Bone marrow smear showing erythroid hypoplasia and granuloblastic hyperplasia. Mature neutrophils are agranular and show abnormal nuclear segmentation. MGG, x640.(c) Syndrome of abnormal chromatin clumping in a patient with aCML. Peripheral blood smear showing leukocytosis, immature granulocytes and neutrophils with abnormal condensation of the nuclear chromatin. MGG, x640. (d) Syndrome of abnormal chromatin clumping in a patient with aCML. Bone marrow smear showing hyperplasia of the granulocytic series, late granulocytic cells with abnormal chromatin clumping and decreased secondary granules, promyelocytes with scanty primary granules. MGG, x500.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts associated with marked thrombocytosis. (a) Peripheral blood smear showing thrombocytosis. MGG, x640. (b) B o n e marrow smear showing numerous dysplastic, often clustered, megakaryocytes. MGG, x640. (c) Bone marrow smear showing erythroid hyperplasia with macroblastoid changes. MGG, x1250. (d) Bone marrow smear. Perls’ reaction shows numerous ringed sideroblasts. X1250.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment on

  • TET2 gene mutation is a frequent and adverse event in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
    Kosmider O, Gelsi-Boyer V, Ciudad M, Racoeur C, Jooste V, Vey N, Quesnel B, Fenaux P, Bastie JN, Beyne-Rauzy O, Stamatoulas A, Dreyfus F, Ifrah N, de Botton S, Vainchenker W, Bernard OA, Birnbaum D, Fontenay M, Solary E; Groupe Francophone des Myélodysplasies. Kosmider O, et al. Haematologica. 2009 Dec;94(12):1676-81. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2009.011205. Epub 2009 Oct 1. Haematologica. 2009. PMID: 19797729 Free PMC article.

References

    1. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Lyon: IARC; 2008.
    1. Vardiman JW, Brunning RD, Arber DA, Le Beau MM, Porwit A, Tefferi A, et al. Introduction and overview of the classification of the myeloid neoplasms. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al., editors. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Lyon: IARC; 2008. pp. 18–30.
    1. Orazi A, Bennet JM, Germing U, Brunning R, Bain BJ, Thiele J. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al., editors. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon: 2008. pp. 76–9.
    1. Vardiman J, Bennet JM, Bain BJ, Brunning R, Thiele J. Atypical chronic myeloid leukaemia, BCR-ABL1 negative. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al., editors. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon: IARC; 2008. pp. 80–1.
    1. Baumann I, Bennet JM, Niemeyer CM, Thiele J, Shannon K. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al., editors. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon: IARC; 2008. pp. 82–4.

MeSH terms