What constitutes evidence-based patient information? Overview of discussed criteria

Abstract

Objective: To survey quality criteria for evidence-based patient information (EBPI) and to compile the evidence for the identified criteria.

Methods: Databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX and Education Research Information Center (ERIC) were searched to update the pool of criteria for EBPI. A subsequent search aimed to identify evidence for each criterion. Only studies on health issues with cognitive outcome measures were included. Evidence for each criterion is presented using descriptive methods.

Results: 3 systematic reviews, 24 randomized-controlled studies and 1 non-systematic review were included. Presentation of numerical data, verbal presentation of risks and diagrams, graphics and charts are based on good evidence. Content of information and meta-information, loss- and gain-framing and patient-oriented outcome measures are based on ethical guidelines. There is a lack of studies on quality of evidence, pictures and drawings, patient narratives, cultural aspects, layout, language and development process.

Conclusion: The results of this review allow specification of EBPI and may help to advance the discourse among related disciplines. Research gaps are highlighted.

Practice implications: Findings outline the type and extent of content of EBPI, guide the presentation of information and describe the development process.