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. 2009 Oct;73(4):298-302.

Further assessment of fomites and personnel as vehicles for the mechanical transport and transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Andrea Pitkin  1 , John Deen, Scott Dee
Affiliations

Further assessment of fomites and personnel as vehicles for the mechanical transport and transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Andrea Pitkin et al. Can J Vet Res. 2009 Oct.

Abstract
in English, French

This study re-evaluated the role of fomites and personnel in the mechanical transport and transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) between pig populations. Swabs were collected from hands, boots, coveralls, and other fomites following contact with infected pigs and compared with identical samples collected in the absence of PRRSV exposure. Naïve pigs were provided contact with contaminated fomites/personnel and blood tested periodically post-exposure [positive exposure population (PEP)] and compared with populations that did not gain exposure via these routes [negative exposure population (NEP)]. The majority of swab samples from hands, coveralls, and boots from personnel and fomite samples (cable snare and bleeding equipment) following contact with the PRRSV-infected Source Population. Transmission of PRRSV to the PEP was observed (7/7) cases but not in the NEP. In conclusion, under the proper conditions, transport and transmission of PRRSV by fomites and personnel may occur between swine populations in the absence of intervention.

Cette étude avait comme objectif de réévaluer le rôle des objets contaminés et du personnel dans le transport mécanique et la transmission du virus du syndrome reproducteur et respiratoire porcin (PRRSV) entre des populations de porcs. Des écouvillons ont été prélevés des mains, bottes, combinaisons et autres objets contaminés suite au contact avec des porcs infectés et comparés avec des échantillons identiques prélevés en absence d’exposition au PRRSV. Des porcs naïfs ont été mis en contact avec des objets et du personnel contaminés et des prélèvements sanguins testés périodiquement post-exposition [population exposée positive (PEP)] et comparés avec des populations qui n’ont pas été exposées par ces voies [population non exposée (NEP)]. La majorité des écouvillonnages des mains, combinaisons et bottes du personnel et des objets contaminés (lasso et équipement de saignée) étaient positives suite au contact avec la population source infectée par PRRSV. La transmission du PRRSV à la PEP a été notée (7/7 cas) mais pas à la NEP. En conclusion, dans les conditions appropriées, le transport et la transmission du PRRSV par les objets contaminés et le personnel peut se produire entre les populations de porcs s’il n’y a pas d’intervention.

(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier)

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Diagram of study site facility location and direction of daily personnel movement between facilities. Arrows indicate the direction that personnel would travel on a daily basis during the study period. The purpose of each facility was as follows: House: Point of study site entry which included a shower-in protocol at the start of each day. Facility A NEP (Negative exposure population): The site used to validate the lack of PRRSV transport and transmission by fomites and personnel in the absence of contact with virus prior to entry. Facility B SP (Source population): The PRRSV-positive site which was used to enhance exposure of fomites and personnel to infectious virus prior to entering facility C. Facility C PEP (Positive exposure population): A site used to determine whether transport and transmission of PRRSV to naïve pig populations occurred following contact of animals in this facility to contaminated fomites and personnel.
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