Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2009 Jan 1;14(1):19-43.
doi: 10.1080/15250000802569660.

A Longitudinal Examination of Physiological Regulation in Cocaine-Exposed Infants Across the First 7 Months of Life

Pamela Schuetze  1 , Rina D Eiden, Ellen P Edwards
Affiliations

A Longitudinal Examination of Physiological Regulation in Cocaine-Exposed Infants Across the First 7 Months of Life

Pamela Schuetze et al. Infancy. .

Abstract

This study examined the association between prenatal exposure to cocaine and physiological regulation across the first 7 months of age. Measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) were obtained from 169 (82 cocaine-exposed and 87 nonexposed) infants during baseline periods at 1 month and 7 months of age and during tasks designed to elicit positive and negative affect at 7 months of age. After controlling for maternal age, gestational age, and obstetrical risk, structural equation modeling indicated that the association between prenatal exposure to cocaine and baseline RSA at 7 months of age was direct even in the presence of an indirect effect through baseline RSA at 1 month of age. There were no indirect effects through maternal affect during mother-infant interactions assessed at 1 month of age. Analyses also indicated a direct association between prenatal exposure to cocaine and RSA regulation to negative affect at 7 months of age.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Hypothetical model. This figure includes the hypothesized indirect paths, which were examined first. Direct paths from prenatal substance use to the 7-month variables were then added to this model and tested in the presence of the indirect paths.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Indirect effects. Only significant paths were included in the figure. The model tested included covariances between residuals for the 1-month variables.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Direct effects. Only significant paths were included in the figure. The model tested included covariances between residuals for the 1-month variables.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Alessandri SM, Sullivan MW, Imaizumi S, Lewis M. Learning and emotional responsivity in cocaine-exposed infants. Developmental Psychology. 1993;29:989–997.
    1. Arbuckle JL. Full information estimation in the presence of incomplete data. In: Marcoulides GA, Schumacker RE, editors. Advanced structural equation modeling techniques. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc; 1996. pp. 243–277.
    1. Arbuckle JL. AMOS users’ guide (Version 4.0) Chicago: SmallWaters; 1997.
    1. Azuma SD, Chasnoff IJ. Outcome of children prenatally exposed to cocaine and other drugs: A path analysis of three-year data. Pediatrics. 1993;92:396–402. - PubMed
    1. Bard KA, Coles CD, Platzman KA, Lynch M. The effects of prenatal drug exposure, term status, and caregiving on arousal and arousal modulation in 8-week-old infants. Developmental Psychobiology. 2000;36:194–212. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources