Torus hyperplasia of the pyloric antrum

Abstract

Primary or idiopathic hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle in adult, so called torus hyperplasia, is an infrequent but an established entity. It is caused by a circular muscle hypertrophy affecting the lesser curvature near the pylorus. Since most of the lesions are difficult to differentiate from tumor, distal gastrectomy is usually preformed to rule out most causes of pyloric lesions including neoplastic ones through a pathological study. A 56-yr-old man with a family history of gastric cancer presented with abdominal discomfort of 1 month duration. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a 1.0 cm sized irregular submucosal lesion proximal to the pylorus to the distal antrum on the lesser curvature. On colonoscopy examination, a 1.5 cm sized protruding mass was noticed on the appendiceal orifice. Gastrectomy and cecectomy were done, and histological section revealed marked hypertrophy of the distal circular pyloric musculature and an appendiceal mucocele. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of torus hyperplasia with appendiceal mucocele which is found incidentally.

Keywords: Antrum, Pyloric; Appendix; Hyperplasia; Mucocele.

Fig. 1

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic finding. A 10 mm sized hemispheric shaped elevated lesion with central erosion on the lesser curvature side of the distal antrum near the pylorus.

Fig. 2

Colonoscopic finding. It shows a large round mass on the cecal end with positive tent sign.

Fig. 3

Microscopic finding. In low power view, this mass-like lesion is consists of a localized area of hypertrophic circular muscle (H&E stain, ×12.5).

Fig. 4

Gross finding. Abundant mucoid material is present within the lumen of the appendix.