Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2010 May;98(2):214-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2009.12.002. Epub 2010 Jan 15.

Estimation of coefficients of individual agreement (CIAs) for quantitative and binary data using SAS and R

Yi Pan  1 , Jingjing Gao, Michael Haber, Huiman X Barnhart
Affiliations

Estimation of coefficients of individual agreement (CIAs) for quantitative and binary data using SAS and R

Yi Pan et al. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2010 May.

Abstract

The coefficients of individual agreement (CIAs), which are based on the ratio of the intra- and inter-observer disagreement, provide a general approach for evaluating agreement between two fixed methods of measurements or human observers. In this paper, programs in both SAS and R are presented for estimation of the CIAs between two observers with quantitative or binary measurements. A detailed illustration of the computations, macro variable definitions, input and output for the SAS and R programs are also included in the text. The programs provide estimations of CIAs, their standard errors as well as confidence intervals, for the cases with or without a reference method. Data from a carotid stenosis screening study is used as an example of quantitative measurements. Data from a study involving the evaluation of mammograms by ten radiologists is used to illustrate a binary data example.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Barnhart HX, Haber M, Lin LI. An overview on assessing agreement with continuous measurement. J. Biopharm. Stat. 2007;17:529–569. - PubMed
    1. Choudhary PK. A tolerance interval approach for assessment of agreement in method comparison studies with repeated measurements. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference. 2008;138:1102–1115.
    1. Choudhary PK, Nagaraja HN. Tests for assessment of agreement using probability criteria. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference. 2007;137:279–290.
    1. Lin LI, Hedayat AS, Sinha B, Yang M. Statistical methods in assessing agreement: models, issues and tools. Journal of American Statistical Association. 2002;97:257–270.
    1. Bartko JJ. The intraclass correlation coefficient as a measure of reliability. Psychological Reports. 1966;34:3–11. - PubMed

Publication types