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Comparative Study
. 2010 Jan;81(1):014901.
doi: 10.1063/1.3274197.

Development of a catheter for combined intravascular ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging

Andrei B Karpiouk  1 , Bo Wang, Stanislav Y Emelianov
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Development of a catheter for combined intravascular ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging

Andrei B Karpiouk et al. Rev Sci Instrum. 2010 Jan.

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is characterized by formation and development of the plaques in the inner layer of the vessel wall. To detect and characterize atherosclerotic plaques, we previously introduced the combined intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and intravascular photoacoustic (IVPA) imaging capable of assessing plaque morphology and composition. The utility of IVUS/IVPA imaging has been demonstrated by imaging tissue-mimicking phantoms and ex vivo arterial samples using laboratory prototype of the imaging system. However, the clinical realization of a IVUS/IVPA imaging requires an integrated intravascular imaging catheter. In this paper, two designs of IVUS/IVPA imaging catheters--side fire fiber-based and mirror-based catheters--are reported. A commercially available IVUS imaging catheter was utilized for both pulse-echo ultrasound imaging and detection of photoacoustic transients. Laser pulses were delivered by custom-designed fiber-based optical systems. The optical fiber and IVUS imaging catheter were combined into a single device. Both designs were tested and compared using point targets and tissue-mimicking phantoms. The results indicate applicability of the proposed catheters for clinical use.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Schematic diagram of the light distribution near the distal end of the fiber. The light can propagate along the fiber’s axis within the cone (shown in gray). The light rays fully satisfying the TIR condition will be reflected from the polished surface (solid beam and dashed beam). However, under the same conditions, some light rays may not satisfy the TIR effect (dotted beam). See text for details. (b) A photograph of the distal end of the combined IVUS∕IVPA side fire fiber-based imaging catheter that utilizes the TIR effect, and (c) a diagram of the combined IVUS∕IVPA imaging catheter showing an alignment between ultrasound and light beams.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Photograph of distal end of the combined IVUS∕IVPA mirror-based imaging catheter, and (b) a diagram of the combined IVUS∕IVPA imaging catheter showing an alignment of the ultrasound and light beams.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Photograph and (b) a diagram of phantom with point targets used to evaluate the performance of IVUS∕IVPA imaging catheters.
Figure 4
Figure 4
[(a) and (c)] Ultrasound and [(b) and (d)] photoacoustic images of the phantom obtained using the side fire fiber-based combined IVUS∕IVPA imaging catheter.
Figure 5
Figure 5
[(a) and (c)] Ultrasound and [(b) and (d)] photoacoustic images of the phantom obtained using the mirror-based combined IVUS∕IVPA imaging catheter.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) Ultrasound and (b) photoacoustic images of the phantom in scattering medium obtained using the side fire fiber-based combined IVUS∕IVPA catheter.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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