[Arthritis from a biochemical aspect]

Abstract

The dynamic processes of remodeling and cartilage destruction occurring in osteoarthritis are associated with an altered metabolism of the chondrocytes. Two mechanisms can be made responsible for chondrocyte activation: Stimulation by cytokines (mainly interleukin-1) and phenotypic modulation. Remodeling of osteoarthritic joint structures is associated with cell proliferation and neovascularization, while erosion of the articular cartilage is promoted by a variety of endopeptidases of chondrocytic origin. These aspects are briefly reviewed in the light of recent findings.