Major depression during interferon-alpha treatment: vulnerability and prevention
- PMID: 20135899
- PMCID: PMC3181938
- DOI: 10.31887/DCNS.2009.11.4/felotrich
Major depression during interferon-alpha treatment: vulnerability and prevention
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) during interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment can occur within a few months of therapy, and shares many homologies with other forms of MDD. Most patients are resilient to the side effect of interferon-induced depression (IFN-MDD), but 15% to 40% are vulnerable. Several studies have employed antidepressants to prevent the incidence of an IFN-MDD episode, and the results suggest that prophylactic antidepressants may be specifically useful in those with pre-existing subthreshold depressive symptoms and/or a history of prior MDD episodes. Several other potential markers of vulnerability for IFN-MDD have been implicated in assessments of nondepressed patients before they start IFN-alpha. These include poor sleep quality, premorbid elevations in inflammatory cytokines, genetic polymorphisms in the serotonin system, personality, and social support. The interplay of these factors strongly predicts who is at risk for IFN-MDD, and indicates several potentially modifiable targets for the personalized prevention of IFN-MDD.
El trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) durante el tratamiento con α-interferón (αlFN) puede presentarse a los pocos meses de terapia y comparte muchas características con otras formas de TDM. La mayoría de los pacientes son resilientes al efecto lateral de la depresión inducida por interferón (TDM-IFN), pero el 15% a 40% es vulnerable. Varios estudios han utilizado antidepresivos para prévenir la incidencia de un episodio de TDM-INF y los resultados sugieren que los antidepresivos profilácticos pueden ser empleados especfficamente en quienes tienen sintomas subumbrales pre-exisientes ylo una historia de episodios previos de TDM. Se han propuesto varios potenciales marcadores de vulnerabilidad para el TDM-INF en la evaluación de pacientes no depresivos antes de iniciar el αINF. Estos incluyen una mala calidad del sueño, aumento premórbido de las citoquinas inflamatorias, polimorfismo genético en el sistema serotoninérgico, personalidad y apoyo social. El interjuego de estos factores predice en forma importante quién está en riesgo de un TDM-INF y señala varios blancos potencialmente modificables para una prevención personalizada del TDM-INF.
Un épisode dépressif majeur (EDM) peut survenir au cours des premiers mois d'un traitement par interféron-α (IFN-α), montrant des similitudes avec les autres formes de dépression caractérisées, La plupart des patients présentent une resilience à cette dépression induite par l'interferon mais 15 à 40 % y sont vulnérables. Plusieurs études ayant utilisé des antidépresseurs pour prévenir la survenue d'un EDM lié à l'IFN (IFN-EDM) ont montré qu'une prophylaxie antidépressive peut être utilisée spécifiquement chez les patients ayant une symptomatologie dépressive infraclinique et/ou des antécédents d'EDM, Des patients non dépressifs ont été testés avec des marqueurs potentiels de susceptibilité aux IFN-EDM avant de débuter un traitement par IFN-α. Ils incluent un sommeil de mauvaise qualité, une augmentation prémorbide des cytokines inflammatoires, des polymorphismes génétiques du système sérotoninergique, des éléments de la personnalité et de l'environnement social. L'interaction de ces facteurs prédit fortement qui est à risque d'IFN-EDM et constitue certaines cibles potentiellement modifiables dans le cadre de la prévention personnalisée de l'IFN-EDM.
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