Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2010 Nov-Dec;41(6):39.
doi: 10.1051/vetres/2010011. Epub 2010 Feb 15.

The emergence of parvoviruses of carnivores

Karin Hoelzer  1 , Colin R Parrish
Affiliations

The emergence of parvoviruses of carnivores

Karin Hoelzer et al. Vet Res. 2010 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

The emergence of canine parvovirus (CPV) represents a well-documented example highlighting the emergence of a new virus through cross-species transmission. CPV emerged in the mid-1970s as a new pathogen of dogs and has since become endemic in the global dog population. Despite widespread vaccination, CPV has remained a widespread disease of dogs, and new genetic and antigenic variants have arisen and sometimes reached high frequency in certain geographic regions or throughout the world. Here we review our understanding of this emergence event and contrast it to what is known about the emergence of a disease in mink caused by mink enteritis virus (MEV). In addition, we summarize the evolution of CPV over the past 30 years in the global dog population, and describe the epidemiology of contemporary parvovirus infections of dogs and cats. CPV represents a valuable model for understanding disease emergence through cross-species transmission, while MEV provides an interesting comparison.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Genetic relationship and host ranges of FPV, CPV and related parvoviruses. The host range, year of emergence and genetic relationship are indicated. Where these have been identified, host-range and strain-defining mutations are indicated.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Phylogenetic relationship between the carnivore parvoviruses, based on the capsid protein gene VP2. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using PAUP* version 4.1 with the best model of nucleotide substitution determined using modeltest. Viruses are as follows: FPV: feline panleukopenia virus; BFPV: blue fox parvovirus; RPV: raccoon parvovirus; RDP: raccoon dog parvovirus; CPV: canine parvovirus; * nodes with bootstrap supports > 75%. (For a color version of this figure, please consult www.vetres.org.)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Alexandersen S., Bloom M.E., Wolfinbarger J., Evidence of restricted viral replication in adult mink infected with Aleutian disease of mink parvovirus, J. Virol. (1988) 62:1495–1507 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Appel M.J.G., Cooper B.J., Greisen H., Carmichael L.E., Status report: canine viral enteritis, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. (1978) 173:1516–1518
    1. Appel M.J.G., Scott F.W., Carmichael L.E., Isolation and immunisation studies of a canine parvo-like virus from dogs with haemorrhagic enteritis, Vet. Rec. (1979) 105:156–159 - PubMed
    1. Barker I.K., Povey R.C., Voigt D.R., Response of mink, skunk, red fox and raccoon to inoculation with mink virus enteritis, feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus and prevalence of antibody in wild carnivores in Ontario, Can. J. Comp. Med. (1983) 47:188–197 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Barker I.K., Parrish C.R., Parvovirus infections, in: Williams E., Barker I. (Eds.), Infectious diseases of wild mammals, Blackwell Publishing, 2001

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources