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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2010 Mar-Apr;19(2):169-77.
doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2009.00025.x.

Effect of PTSD diagnosis and contingency management procedures on cocaine use in dually cocaine- and opioid-dependent individuals maintained on LAAM: a retrospective analysis

Michael J Mancino  1 , Janette McGaugh, Zachary Feldman, James Poling, Alison Oliveto
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of PTSD diagnosis and contingency management procedures on cocaine use in dually cocaine- and opioid-dependent individuals maintained on LAAM: a retrospective analysis

Michael J Mancino et al. Am J Addict. 2010 Mar-Apr.

Abstract

This randomized clinical trial retrospectively examined the effect of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and contingency management (CM) on cocaine use in opioid and cocaine dependent individuals maintained on high or low-dose LAAM randomly assigned to CM or a yoked-control condition. Cocaine-positive urines decreased more rapidly over time in those without PTSD versus those with PTSD in the noncontingency condition. In participants with PTSD, CM resulted in fewer cocaine-positive urines compared to the noncontingent condition. This suggests that CM may help improve the potentially worse outcomes in opioid- and cocaine-dependent individuals with PTSD compared to those without PTSD. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-9).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cocaine use as a function of time over a 12 week period. Left panel: HLM Point Estimate to show lack of any change over time in cocaine positive urines in participants with PTSD (open squares) versus those without PTSD (closed squares). Right panel: HLM Point Estimate to show direction of change in cocaine positive urines in participants with PTSD receiving contingency (open circles), those with PTSD and no contingency (open squares), those without PTSD receiving contingency (closed triangles) and those without PTSD and no contingency (closed squares).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cocaine use as a function of time over 12 weeks in participants receiving high dose LAAM. Left panel: Mean percentage of cocaine positive urines in participants with PTSD receiving contingency (HC-open circles), those with PTSD and no contingency (HY-open squares), those without PTSD receiving contingency (HC-closed triangles) and those without PTSD and no contingency (HY-closed squares). Right panel: HLM generated estimates to show the direction of changes, if any.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cocaine use as a function of time over 12 weeks in participants receiving low dose LAAM. Left panel: Mean percentage of cocaine positive urines in participants with PTSD receiving contingency (LC-open circles), those with PTSD and no contingency (LY-open squares), those without PTSD receiving contingency (LC-closed triangles) and those without PTSD and no contingency (LY-closed squares). Right panel: HLM generated estimates to show the direction of changes, if any.
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