Dose proportionality of once-daily trazodone extended-release caplets under fasting conditions

Abstract

An extended-release trazodone HCl formulation, Trazodone Contramid OAD (TzCOAD), was developed as scored 150-mg and 300-mg caplets for once-daily administration. Dose proportionality of intact and bisected caplets (dose range, 75-375 mg) was evaluated in a single-dose, randomized, 5-way crossover study. Plasma trazodone and m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) levels were determined using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy method. Dose proportionality was assessed based on confidence intervals for logarithmically transformed, dose-normalized maximum plasma concentration (C(max)), area under the plasma concentration versus time data pairs (AUC(0-t)), and area under the curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC(0-∞)) in relation to the acceptance range of 80% to 125% (bioequivalence approach). The power method, combined with confidence interval criteria, was also used to assess proportionality. The conclusion of dose proportionality was generally supported using the bioequivalence approach. Based on the power model, values of the slope and corresponding 90% confidence interval for trazodone C(max), AUC(0-t), and AUC(0-∞) were 0.948 (0.899-0.997), 0.920 (0.875-0.964), and 0.913 (0.867-0.958), respectively. All were within the acceptance interval (0.861-1.139). Results for mCPP also fell within the acceptance interval. TzCOAD exhibits linear pharmacokinetics over doses ranging from 75 to 375 mg and maintains its controlled-release properties when the caplets are bisected along the score line.