Transseptal versus transaortic approach for radiofrequency ablation in patients with cardioverter-defibrillator and electrical storm

Abstract

Purpose: Radiofrequency current ablation (RFCA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is usually performed using a retrograde transaortic approach. We compared the mapping accuracy, procedural course, safety, and results of VT ablation using transseptal and transaortic route.

Methods: Twenty-one consecutive patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and history of electrical storm underwent RFCA with electro-anatomic mapping system. In six patients, ablation was performed with transseptal approach (transseptal group); in 15, retrograde approach to the left ventricle was used (retrograde group).

Results: The endocardial surface of the left ventricle was similarly accessible in both methods. Less detailed maps of interventricular septum were constructed with the use of transseptal approach. The RFCA success rate was similar in the transseptal and retrograde groups (83 vs. 80%, p = NS). The median procedural time was 112 min in transseptal vs. 145 min in the retrograde group; radiation exposure was 200 vs. 67 mGy, respectively (both p < 0.05), and fluoroscopy time was 22 vs.16 min (p = NS). During the 3-month follow-up, VT recurrence occurred in one patient in the transseptal group and in three patients in the retrograde group (p = NS).

Conclusions: Transseptal approach is an accurate, safe, feasible, and effective method of RF ablation in patients with malignant, recurrent ventricular arrhythmias. However, limited access to the septal regions with the use of this method has to be remembered. Transseptal approach may be considered as an alternative to the transaortic route in patients with contraindication to the latter.