Comprehensive review of obesity and psychological considerations for treatment

Abstract

Although obesity is considered to be a medical condition, psychosocial variables influence its development, course, and treatment. To date, obesity research focuses heavily on the associated physical problems and the identification of effective treatments. While an array of behavioral, pharmacological and surgical treatments has been developed, their ability to demonstrate long-term weight losses is not convincing. Thus, there has been a shift towards the identification of psychological and social factors that may assist in the prediction of successful treatments, most notably in the surgical treatment of obesity. As a result, less emphasis has been placed on post-treatment psychosocial influences. As the treatment of obesity becomes increasing multidimensional, the need for attention to psychosocial factors and the involvement of mental health providers increases. For the allied or mental health provider, a comprehensive understanding of obesity's physical, psychological and social basis is vital to ensure proper assessment or treatment, as it is warranted.