Neuropathic pain in children: Special considerations

Abstract

Neuropathic pain is relatively uncommon in children. Although some syndromes closely resemble those found in adults, the incidence and course of the condition can vary substantially in children, depending on developmental status and contextual factors. There are some neuropathic pain syndromes that are rare and relatively unique to the pediatric population. This article discusses the array of neuropathic pain conditions in children and available treatment strategies. Data are limited by small numbers and few randomized controlled trials. Research and clinical implications are discussed.

FIGURE.

Top, Possible interactions of cellular mechanisms in neural damage and normal development. Bottom, Chloride equilibrium and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) actions in immature, damaged, and mature nervous system. KCC2 = potassium chloride cotransporter.