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. 2008 Sep 3;3(3):Doc26.

Antimicrobial resistance gene distribution: a socioeconomic and sociocultural perspective

Kayode K Ojo  1 , Amy R Sapkota, Tokunbo B Ojo, Paul S Pottinger
Affiliations

Antimicrobial resistance gene distribution: a socioeconomic and sociocultural perspective

Kayode K Ojo et al. GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip. .

Abstract
in English, German

The appearance of resistance to many first-line antimicrobial agents presents a critical challenge to the successful treatment of bacterial infections. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria and resistance genes are globally distributed, but significant variations in prevalence have been observed in different geographical regions. This article discusses possible relationships between socioeconomic and sociocultural factors and regional differences in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their associated resistance genes. Findings indicate that the few studies that have been conducted to understand relationships between socioeconomic and sociocultural factors and antimicrobial resistance have focused on patterns of phenotypic antibiotic resistance. Yet, a critical need exists for molecular studies of human influences on bacterial resistance and adaptation. We propose that the results of these studies, coupled with well-coordinated culturally appropriate interventions that address specific socioeconomic and sociocultural needs may be necessary to reduce the scourge of antimicrobial resistance in both developing and developed countries.

Das Auftreten von Resistenzen gegen viele First-Line Antibiotika ist eine schwierige Herausforderung, um bakterielle Infektionen erfolgreich zu behandeln. Zwar sind resistente Bakterien und folglich deren Resistenzgene global verteilt, jedoch sind deutliche Unterschiede bezüglich des Auftretens in verschiedenen geografischen Regionen beobachtet worden. In diesem Artikel werden mögliche sozioökonomische und soziokulturelle Faktoren sowie regionale Unterschiede in Bezug auf das Auftreten von resistenten Bakterien und ihren dazu gehörigen Resistenzgenen diskutiert. Untersuchungen zeigen, dass sich die wenigen Studien, die bisher durchgeführt worden sind, um Beziehungen zwischen sozioökonomischen sowie soziokulturellen Faktoren und Resistenzen zu verstehen, bisher auf phänotypische Antibiotikaresistenzen konzentriert haben. Daher werden molekular-basierte Studien des menschlichen Einflusses auf bakterielle Resistenz und Anpassung benötigt. Wir schlagen vor, dass die Ergebnisse dieser Studien gekoppelt mit gut koordinierter, kulturell angemessener Berücksichtigung sozioökonomischer sowie soziokultureller Bedürfnissen notwendig ist, um die Geißel antimikrobieller Resistenzen sowohl in entwickelten als auch in Entwicklungsländern zu reduzieren.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistant bacteria; gene distribution; resistance genes; sociocultural; socioeconomic.

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