Reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome

Abstract

Reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a multietiological condition, the pathophysiology of which lies in the breach of the blood-brain barrier due to increased local cerebral perfusion pressure. Patients present clinically in nonspecific ways; acute computed tomography is often unrevealing, and as such, there should be a low threshold for early magnetic resonance imaging even in the acute setting because misdiagnosis may lead to mismanagement. Although initially described to present with changes depicted on imaging in the "posterior aspects" of the brain, more recent literature has focused attention on the fact that signal changes may occur anywhere in the brain. We present a case demonstrating such prolific changes throughout the brain stressing on the need for early appropriate use of radiodiagnostics.