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. 2010:2010:501349.
doi: 10.1155/2010/501349. Epub 2010 Mar 14.

Increased Serum PAI-1 Levels in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome and Long-Term Adverse Mental Symptoms: A Population-Based Study

Anne Huotari  1 , Soili M Lehto, Leo Niskanen, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Jukka Hintikka, Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen, Tommi Tolmunen, Kirsi Honkalampi, Noora Kaikkonen, Heimo Viinamäki
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Increased Serum PAI-1 Levels in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome and Long-Term Adverse Mental Symptoms: A Population-Based Study

Anne Huotari et al. Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol. 2010.

Abstract

Depression is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators, are associated with MetS. To clarify the role of PAI-1 in subjects with long-term adverse mental symptomatology (LMS; including depression) and MetS, we measured circulating PAI-1 levels in controls (n = 111), in subjects with MetS and free of mental symptoms (n = 42), and in subjects with both MetS and long-term mental symptoms (n = 70). PAI-1 increased linearly across the three groups in men. In logistic regression analysis, men with PAI-1 levels above the median had a 3.4-fold increased likelihood of suffering from the comorbidity of long-term adverse mental symptoms and MetS, while no such associations were detected in women. In conclusion, our results suggest that in men high PAI-1 levels are independently associated with long-term mental symptomatology.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Serum PAI-1 levels in (a) men and (b) women. Data are expressed as means ± standard error of the mean. Statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc testing between individual groups with the Mann-Whitney U-test. Only statistically significant P-values are shown.
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