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Review
. 2010 Mar;107(9):152-62.
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2010.0152. Epub 2010 Mar 5.

The epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee

Joern W-P Michael  1 , Klaus U Schlüter-Brust, Peer Eysel
Affiliations
Review

The epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee

Joern W-P Michael et al. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 Mar.

Erratum in

  • Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 Apr;107(16):294

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease of adults worldwide. Its incidence rises with age. Both intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors promote its development. In men aged 60 to 64, the right knee is more commonly affected; in women, the right and left knees are affected with nearly equal frequency.

Methods: The PubMed, Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were selectively searched for current studies (up to September 2009; case reports excluded) on the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. The search terms were "gonarthrosis," "prevention," "conservative treatment," "joint preservation," "physical activity," "arthroscopy," "osteotomy," "braces," "orthoses," and "osteoarthritis knee joint."

Results and conclusion: Osteoarthritis is not yet a curable disease, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. The best treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee is prevention. The goal of therapy is to alleviate clinical manifestations. The therapeutic spectrum ranges from physiotherapy and orthopedic aids to pharmacotherapy and surgery.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Plain x-rays of the left knee in Kellgren and Lawrence stage 4: a) AP view, b) lateral view
Figure 2
Figure 2
The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (modified from e14)
Figure 3
Figure 3
The treatment algorithm for clinically significant osteoarthritis of the knee in use at the Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Cologne
Figure 1
Figure 1
Radial tear of the medial meniscus
Figure 2
Figure 2
Medial cartilaginous damage of the tibia, stage 4
Figure 3
Figure 3
Microfracturing of the medial tibial plateau and partial resection of the medial meniscus
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

References

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