Intensive care unit stay not required for patients with obstructive sleep apnea after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Abstract

Background: Many programs admit morbidly obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to the intensive care unit after laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGB), fearing pulmonary complications. Our practice has been to admit these patients to the surgical floor. Our objective was to compare the perioperative course and outcomes in morbidly obese patients with OSA to those of patients without OSA undergoing LGB in a physician-led health system with a 325-bed community teaching hospital serving 19 counties.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 650 patients who had undergone LGB from 2001 to 2008 and divided them into 2 groups: patients with OSA as confirmed by polysomnography (OSA group) and those without OSA (non-OSA group). The patients who reported a diagnosis of OSA without documentation confirming the diagnosis were excluded. The statistical analysis included t tests and chi-square tests.

Results: A total of 217 patients met the inclusion criteria for the OSA cohort and 368 for the non-OSA cohort. Of the 650 patients, 65 reported a history of OSA without confirmation and were excluded from the present study, leaving 585 patients. The demographic data were similar between the 2 groups, and no difference was found between the OSA and non-OSA groups for the length of postanesthesia care unit stay (105.4 versus 106.3 minutes), length of hospital stay (2.2 days for both groups), and 30-day major complication rate (3.7% versus 5.2%). No deaths and no intensive care unit admissions for pulmonary complications occurred in either group.

Conclusion: The results of our study have shown that morbidly obese patients with OSA undergoing LGB have a perioperative course and postoperative pulmonary complication rate similar to that of patients without OSA. Thus, routine admission to the intensive care unit after LGB in patients with OSA is not indicated.