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Review
. 2010 Sep;22(9):1274-81.
doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.03.016. Epub 2010 Apr 2.

Non-canonical functions of RGS proteins

Nan Sethakorn  1 , Douglas M Yau, Nickolai O Dulin
Affiliations
Review

Non-canonical functions of RGS proteins

Nan Sethakorn et al. Cell Signal. 2010 Sep.

Abstract

Regulators of G protein signalling (RGS) proteins are united into a family by the presence of the RGS domain which serves as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for various Galpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. Through this mechanism, RGS proteins regulate signalling of numerous G protein-coupled receptors. In addition to the RGS domains, RGS proteins contain diverse regions of various lengths that regulate intracellular localization, GAP activity or receptor selectivity of RGS proteins, often through interaction with other partners. However, it is becoming increasingly appreciated that through these non-RGS regions, RGS proteins can serve non-canonical functions distinct from inactivation of Galpha subunits. This review summarizes the data implicating RGS proteins in the (i) regulation of G protein signalling by non-canonical mechanisms, (ii) regulation of non-G protein signalling, (iii) signal transduction from receptors not coupled to G proteins, (iv) activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, and (v) non-canonical functions in the nucleus.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Regulation of G protein signalling by RGS proteins through non-canonical mechanisms
A, B, regulation of Gβγ signalling by GRK2 and RGS3, respectively. C, regulation of ACV by RGS2. D, regulation of PLCβ by RGS4.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Regulation of non-G protein signalling by RGS proteins
A, inhibition of PI3 kinase by RGS13 and RGS16. B, regulation of TGF-β signalling by RGS3. C, translational control by RGS2.
Figure 3
Figure 3. RGS proteins as signal transducers
A, GRK2 as an effector of Gαq in control of cell migration. B, Axin as an effector of Gαs in control of β-catenin signalling. C, Activation of RhoA by RGS-RhoGEFs induced by non-GPCR receptors.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Activation of MAP kinase signalling through RGS proteins
A, activation of ERK through RGS12. B, activation of JNK through p115-RhoGEF.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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