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. 2010 May;42(3):818-26.
doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.04.023.

Age-related declines in car following performance under simulated fog conditions

Rui Ni  1 , Julie J Kang, George J Andersen
Affiliations

Age-related declines in car following performance under simulated fog conditions

Rui Ni et al. Accid Anal Prev. 2010 May.

Abstract

The present study examined age-related differences in car following performance when contrast of the driving scene was reduced by simulated fog. Older (mean age of 72.6) and younger (mean age of 21.1) drivers were presented with a car following scenario in a simulator in which a lead vehicle (LV) varied speed according to a sum of three sine wave functions. Drivers were shown an initial following distance of 18 m and were asked to maintain headway distance by controlling speed to match changes in LV speed. Five simulated fog conditions were examined ranging from a no fog condition (contrast of 0.55) to a high fog condition (contrast of 0.03). Average LV speed varied across trials (40, 60, or 80 km/h). The results indicated age-related declines in car following performance for both headway distance and RMS (root mean square) error in matching speed. The greatest decline occurred at moderate speeds under the highest fog density condition, with older drivers maintaining a headway distance that was 21% closer than younger drivers. At higher speeds older drivers maintained a greater headway distance than younger drivers. These results suggest that older drivers may be at greater risk for a collision under high fog density and moderate speeds.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sample image of the driving simulation scene. The fog density level depicted is an intermediate (0.08) level.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean headway distance as a function of age of drivers and fog density.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean headway distance as a function of age of drivers, fog density, and speed.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bode plot (control gain and phase angle) as a function of driver age group and fog density.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Mean Squared coherence as a function of driver age group, frequency, and fog density.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Safety martin (time headway) as a function of driver age group, fog density and speed.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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