Novel FUS/TLS mutations and pathology in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of and clinicopathologic phenotypes associated with FUS/TLS mutations in a large cohort of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases from the north of England.

Design: Genetic screening project with neuropathologic examination of postmortem tissue in selected cases. The clinical details of selected cases are also presented.

Setting: Neurology departments of 2 university teaching hospitals in the north of England.

Participants: The 15 exons of FUS/TLS were sequenced in an initial cohort of 42 familial ALS (FALS) and 117 sporadic ALS (SALS) cases. Exons 14 and 15 were subsequently screened in a larger cohort of 431 SALS cases. Regions mutated in ALS cases were also screened in 293 controls.

Main outcome measure: Evaluation of gene-sequencing chromatographs and detailed histopathologic analysis of the central nervous system.

Results: Four heterozygous mutations, 1 of which is novel, were identified in 6 patients with ALS (4 with FALS and 2 with SALS). Two of the substitutions were not found to be present in controls, and neuropathology in these cases revealed neuronal and/or glial cytoplasmic inclusions positive for the FUS/TLS protein. One of these cases is also the first reported SALS case with an FUS/TLS mutation. The other 2 substitutions identified were also identified in control cases. Neuropathology in these cases revealed typical SALS pathology, suggesting that they are likely to represent benign polymorphisms.

Conclusions: FUS/TLS mutations represented approximately 5% of FALS cases screened. A FUS/TLS mutation was also identified in a single SALS case. Subsequent screening of this region in a larger cohort of SALS cases, however, did not reveal any additional mutations.