The prevalence and clinical impact of obesity in adults with Marfan syndrome
- PMID: 20386774
- PMCID: PMC2886547
- DOI: 10.1016/s0828-282x(10)70370-6
The prevalence and clinical impact of obesity in adults with Marfan syndrome
Abstract
Background: Patients with Marfan syndrome characteristically have an asthenic body habitus and are considered to be exempt from the obesity epidemic.
Objective: To examine the prevalence and clinical impact of obesity in a cohort of adults with Marfan syndrome.
Methods: Fifty outpatients (30 female) with a mean (+/- SD) age of 38+/-13 years were studied. Demographic variables including previously identified risk factors for aortic dissection were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) was determined and patients were classified as normal (BMI less than 25 kgm2), overweight (BMI 25 kgm2 to 29.9 kgm2) or obese (BMI 30 kgm2 or greater). Other cardiovascular risk factors were examined. An adverse clinical outcome was defined as either the attainment of surgical criteria for aortic root replacement or the presence of aortic dissection.
Results: A family history of aortic dissection was present in 13 (26%) patients. In 23 (46%) patients, there was no known family history of Marfan syndrome. Mean BMI was 25.4+/-7.4 kgm2, with 18 (36%) patients having an elevated BMI. Positive smoking status was present in 15 (30%), hypertension in 13 (26%) and hyperlipidemia in 19 (38%) patients. Adverse clinical outcome was present in 27 (54%) patients. Logistic regression analysis revealed only index case (OR 44; P<0.001) and higher BMI (OR 1.2; P=0.04) to be significantly and independently associated with increased risk of adverse clinical outcome.
Conclusions: Obesity is common in adults with Marfan syndrome and is associated with an increased risk of aortic complications.
HISTORIQUE :: Les patients ayant le syndrome de Marfan ont un phénotype corporel asthénique caractéristique et sont considérés comme épargnés par l’épidémie d’obésité.
OBJECTIF :: Examiner la prévalence et les répercussions cliniques d’obésité dans une cohorte d’adultes ayant le syndrome de Marfan.
MÉTHODOLOGIE :: Cinquante patients ambulatoires (30 femmes), d’un âge moyen (±ÉT) de 38±13 ans, ont fait l’objet de l’étude. Les chercheurs ont enregistré les variables démographiques, y compris les facteurs de risque déjà établis de dissection aortique. Ils ont déterminé l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) et ont classé les patients comme normaux (IMC inférieur à 25 kg/m2), faisant de l’embonpoint (IMC de 25 kg/m2 à 29,9 kg/m2) ou obèses (IMC de 30 kg/m2 ou plus). Ils ont examiné d’autres facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire. Une issue clinique négative était définie comme l’atteinte des critères chirurgicaux de remplacement de l’anneau aortique ou la présence d’une dissection aortique.
RÉSULTATS :: Les auteurs ont constaté des antécédents familiaux de dissection aortique chez 13 patients (26 %). Vingt-trois patients (46 %) ne présentaient aucuns antécédents familiaux connus de syndrome de Marfan. L’IMC moyen était de 25,4±7,4 kg/m2, 18 patients (36 %) ayant un IMC élevé. Les auteurs ont remarqué un tabagisme chez 15 patients (30 %), de l’hypertension chez 13 patients (26 %) et de l’hyperlipidémie chez 19 patients (38 %). Ils ont observé une issue clinique néfaste chez 27 patients (54 %). L’analyse de régression logistique a révélé que seuls le cas de référence (RRR 44; P<0,001) et d’IMC plus élevé (RRR 1,2; P=0,04) s’associaient de manière significative et indépendants à un risque accru d’issue clinique négative.
CONCLUSIONS :: L’obésité est courante chez les adultes ayant le syndrome de Marfan et s’associe à un risque accru de complications aortiques.
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