Abdominoperineal resection or local excision? a survival analysis of anorectal malignant melanoma with surgical management

Abstract

Patients with anorectal malignant melanoma (AMM) generally have an unfavorable prognosis, and surgical managements are still in controversy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surgical treatment for AMM in China and to compare the survival of abdominoperineal resection (APR) and local excision (LE) in patients with AMM. Between 1995 and 2007, 54 patients managed with curative surgical resection for AMM were reviewed, 39 patients underwent APR, and 15 patients underwent LE. Life table was carried out and Kaplan-Meier test was used to compare the effects of these two different surgical procedures in survival. The overall 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates after curative operation were 80, 54, 43, and 26%, respectively; LE group were 67, 48, 48, and 16%, and APR group were 84, 57, 42, and 30%, respectively. The median survival for all LE and APR were 25 months, 13 months, and 25 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meier test showed that there was no significant difference between APR and LE in survival (P=0.281); however, a 5-year survival advantage for the patients who underwent APR was found, despite the severity of tumor. Local recurrence after LE was more popular than APR (P=0.020). The prognosis of AMM after curative surgery is poor now, and patients undergoing APR have no significant survival advantage than those underwent LE. Local recurrence after LE was more popular than APR.