[Pigment nevi in children]

Abstract

Almost all fair-skinned children demonstrate one or more pigment nevi at the integument. These usually develop in the first two decades of life as a result of an endogenous disposition and exogenous stimulants. While most pigmented nevi are per se harmless, congenital and atypical (dysplastic) nevi are considered as precursors of melanoma and risk indicators. Although one normal nevus in isolation generally presents no risk, children and adults with multiple pigment nevi are at increased risk of developing a melanoma in the course of their life. Since the onset of pigment nevi is undisputedly triggered by ultraviolet light, appropriate prevention and protection is crucial. The differential diagnosis between nevus cell nevi and melanoma is particularly challenging, especially in the case of atypical nevi.